ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DOMESTIC WASTE WATER USED FOR IRRIGATION IN URBAN KATSINA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2023.0904.19Keywords:
Domestic waste water;, physico-chemical;, irrigation;, River Ginzo;, UrbanAbstract
Direct use of domestic waste water generated from especially urban homes and service centres to irrigate lands around streams is a common practice in many towns especially in areas with low fresh water supplies in arid and semi-arid regions. This study examined seasonal and spatial variations in quality of domestic waste water used to irrigate lands around River Ginzo in Katsina urban area, Nigeria. Domestic waste water samples were collected during dry and rainy seasons at upstream, midstream and downstream locations of the river and analysed for TDS, Temperature, EC, COD, NO3, NO2, PO3 BOD, pH and DO. The results obtained showed that domestic waste water levels during the dry and rainy season of TDS(1419-1852mg/I; 2013-2344mg/I),BOD (12.8-16.4mg/I;15.2-19.4mg/I),pH(7.3-8.46;6-6.9),DO(21.8-27.8mg/I;15.7-19.9mg/I),Temperature (39.3-46.7; 28.3-31.5), EC(1093-1379µ/cm; 1093-1376 µ/cm), COD(52.8-57.7mg/I; 50.1-53.1mg/I) NO3(36-48.23mg/I; 27.04-35.6mgI) NO2 (26.8-31.5mg/I; 16.8-28.2mg/I) and PO3 (25.6-42.8mg/I;17.4-31.4mg/I). The levels of Temperature, pH, TDS, EC and DO are elevated beyond the limits permissible for irrigation during the dry season. However, during the rainy season, the levels of EC and Do are above the permissible limits. The values for NO3, NO2 and PO3 were all higher in the dry than rainy season, it is evident that the some of the parameters analyzed do not comply with national and international standards, for the irrigation water. It was thus concluded that the domestic waste water is polluted and quite unsafe for direct use in irrigation without treatment. The study recommends that proper protective measures, including construction of modern and efficient waste water treatment plants to reduce the potential influence of physicochemical parameters on domestic waste water used for irrigation for the future sustainability of mankind around the study area.
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