EVALUATION OF DROMEDARY CAMEL’S BODY PARAMETERS AND THE EFFECT OF EPIDIDYMAL REAGION ON EXTRA-GONADAL SPERM RESERVE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2024.1001.13Keywords:
Camel;, Body;, Parameter;, Epididymis;, Sperm reserveAbstract
This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of epididymal regions on camelid extra-gonadal sperm reserve and the relationship among the sperm reserve and body parameters using twenty-one apparently healthy adult male dromedary camels brought to the Kano main abattoir for slaughter. Body parameters such as body length, chest girth, hump base circumference and hump lateral base were measured before slaughter. Body weight was then derived from these parameters. Paired samples of testicles with their associated epididymides were obtained post-slaughter and transported to the laboratory on ice. The testicles were separated from the epididymides. One epididymis was processed, its weight and volume recorded and epididymal sperm reserve was determined by haemocytometry. Results of the study showed that there was no correlations between the camel’s body weight and epididymal parameters. However, there was positive correlation between camel’s body weight and all other body parameters. The cauda epididymis accounted for the highest portion (73.72%) of extra-gonadal sperm reserve as compared to the corpus (20.95%) and caput (5.33%) but no statistically significant difference was observed in sperm reserve between corpus and cauda epididymis. It can be concluded that camel’s body weight should not be considered as an indicator of good epididymal sperm reserve. Also, cauda epididymis is the most suitable site for post-mortem harvest of camel’s spermatozoa. Therefore, spermatozoa from the cauda epididymis could be harvested, preserved and subsequently be used for artificial insemination in camels.
References
Abdussamad, A.M., Gauly, M., and Holtz, W. (2015). Temporary Storage of Bovine Semen Cryopreserved in Liquid Nitrogen on Dry Ice and Refreezing of Frozen-thawed Semen. CryoLetters, 36 (4): 278-284.
Ajani, O.S., Oyeyemi, M.O., and Moyinoluwa, O.J. (2015). Correlation between Age, Weight, Scrotal Circumference and the Testicular and Epididymal Parameters of Red Sokoto Bucks. Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, 7 (5): 159-163.
Bandeira, G.C., Campos, A.C.N., Pereira, E.S., Linard, K.F.C., Evangelista, M.E.S., Sousa, D.L., Rios, R.R.S., Montenegro, A.S., and Gadelha, C.R.F. (2016). Effects of Different Hay:Concentrate Ratios on Body and Testicular-Epididymal Biometry and Metabolic Profile of Santa Ines Lambs. Ciencias Agrarias, 37 (2): 853- 866.
Bello, A., Sonfada, M.L., Umar, A.A., Umaru, M.A., Shehu, S.A., Hena, S.A., Onu, J.E., and Fatima, O.O. (2013). Age Estimation of Camel in Nigeria Using Rostral Dentition. Scientific Journal of Animal Science, 2 (1): 9-14.
Bello, A.A., and Adama, T.Z. (2012). Studies on Body Weight and Linear Body Measurements of Castrates and Non-Castrate Savannah Brown Goats. Asian Journal of Animal Science, 6 (3): 140-146.
Edeneil, J.P., Valete, E.R.S., Maylem, M.B., Ocampo, E.A., and Lerma, C.O. (2015) Post Mortem Viability of Epididymal Sperm from Philippine Native Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Journal of Agricultural Technology, 11(8): 2283-2294.
El-Badry, D.A., Scholkamy, T.H., Anwer, A.M., and Mahmoud, K.G.M. (2005). Assessment of Freezability and Functional Integrity of Dromedary Camel Spermatozoa Harvested from Caput, Corpus and Cauda Epididymides. Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 44: 147-158.
El-Wishy, A.B. and Omar, A.A. (1975). On the Relation between Testes Size and Sperm Reserve in the One-Humped Camel (Camelus dromedarius). Beitrage Zur Tropischen Landwirtschaft und Veterinarmedizin, 13: 391–398.
Faye, B., Bengoumi, M., Cleradin, A., Tabarani, A., and Chilliard, Y. (2001). Body Condition Score in Camel: A Tool for Management of Reproduction. Emirate Journal of Agricultural Science, 13:01-06.
Foote, R.H. (2002). Fertilizing Ability of Epididymal Sperm from Dead Animals. Journal of Androlology, 23(6): 839-844.
Graphad Instat®, Version 3.05, 32 bit for Win 95/NT, Graphad Software Inc., 2000
Hewitt, D.A., Leahy, R., Sheldon, I.M., and England, G.C. (2001). Cryopreservation of Epididymal Dog Sperm. Animal Reproduction Science, 67: 101-111.
Higgins, A.J., and Kock R.A. (1984). The Camel in Health and Disease I. A Guide to the Clinical Examination, Chemical Restraint and Medication of the Camel. British Veterinary Journal, 140: 485-506.
Ibrahim, A.A., Aliyu, J., Hassan, A.M., and Salisu, N. (2012). Gonadal and Extragonadal Sperm Reserves of Camel (Camelus dromedarius) in the Semi-Arid Region of Nigeria. ARPN Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, 7 (5): 346-350.
Kaabi, M., Paz, P., Alvarez, M., Anel, E., Boixo, J.C., Rouissi, H., Herraez, P., and Anel, L. (2003). Effect of Epididymis Handling Conditions on the Quality of Ram Spermatozoa Recovered Post-Mortem. Theriogenology, 60(7): 1249-1259.
Morris, L., Tiplady, C., and Allen, W.R. (2002). The in vivo Fertility of Cauda Epididymal Spermatozoa in the Horse. Theriogenology, 58: 643-646.
Mungai, I.P., Githaiga, W.R., and Wanyoike M.M. M. (2010). Correlation of actual live weight and estimates of live weights of Camel calves (Camelus dromedarius) in Samburu District of Northern Kenya. Journal of Camel Science, 3: 26-32.
Osman, A.M., and El-Azab, E.A. (1974). Gonadal and Epididymal Sperm Reserves in the Camel (Camelus dromedarius). Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, 38: 425-430.
Rashid, M.M., Hoque, M.A., Huque, K.S., and Bhuiyan, A.K.F.H. (2016). Prediction of Live Weight for Brahman Crossbred Cattle Using Linear Body Measurements in Rural Area. Advances in Animal Veterinary Science, 4(2): 99-106.
Ross, M., Reith, E., and Romrell, L. (1989). “Histology. A Text and Atlas” 2nd Edition, Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia.
Skidmore, J.A., Morton, K.M., and Billah, M. (2013). Artificial Insemination in Dromedary Camels. Animimal Reproduction Science, 136: 178-186.
Suzuki, K., and Nagai, T. (2003). In Vitro Fertility and Motility Characteristics of Frozen-Thawed Boar Epididymal Spermatozoa Separated by Percoll. Theriogenology, 60: 1481-1494.
Tingari, M.D., and Moniem, K. (1979). On the Regional Histology and Histochemistry of the Epididymis of the Camel (Camelus dromedarius). Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, 57(1): 11-20.
Turri, F., Kandil, O.M., Abdoon, A.S., Sabra, H., El-Atrash, A., and Pizzi, F. (2013). Conservation of Camel Genetic Resources: Epididymal Sperm Recovery. International Camel Conference, 29th-30th April, 2013, School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS). University of London, United Kingdom.
Waheed, M.M., Al-Eknah, M.M., and El-Bahr, S.M. (2011). Some Biochemical Characteristics and Preservation of Epididymal Camel Spermatozoa (Camelus dromedarius). Theriogenology, 76: 1126-1133.
Yilmaz, O., Cemal, I., and Karaca, O. (2013). Estimation of Mature Liveweight Using Some Body Measurements in Kenya Sheep. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 45 (2): 397-403.Zayed, A.E., Aly, K., Ibrahim, I.A., and Abdel-Maksoud, F.M. (2012). Morphological Studies on the Epididymal Duct of the Dromedary Camel (Camelus dromedarius). Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2: 245-254.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.