A GENDERED COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF NET FARM INCOME AND ITS DETERMINANTS AMONG BAMBARA GROUNDNUT FARMERS IN NORTHEAST NIGERIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2026.1202.15Keywords:
Gender,, Net-farm income,, Bambara groundnut production,, Northeast NigeriaAbstract
This study examined gender-based differences in net farm income and its determinants among Bambara groundnut farmers in Northeast Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed to select 360 male and 360 female smallholder Bambara groundnut farmers from three selected states in the region. Primary data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, farm budgeting model, independent z-test, and log-linear multiple regression model were employed for the analysis. The results revealed that the mean net farm income of male and female Bambara groundnut farmers was ₦838,145.57 and ₦1,040,863.77, respectively, indicating a significant difference between the groups. For male farmers, age (δ₁ = -0.542, p < 0.05), level of education (δ₃ = 0.609, p < 0.01), off-farm income (δ₄ = 1.011, p < 0.01), farm size (δ₆ = 1.281, p < 0.01), extension visits (δ₁₃ = 0.561, p < 0.01), farming experience (δ₁₄ = 0.733, p < 0.05), factor productivity and efficiency indices significantly influenced net farm income. While for female farmers, age (δ₁ = -0.710, p < 0.01), marital status (δ₂ = 0.247, p < 0.01), household size (δ5 = 0.138, p < 0.10), farm size (δ₆ = 1.589, p < 0.01), interest amount (δ₇ = 0.289, p < 0.01), farming experience (δ₁₄ = 1.129, p < 0.01), amount of credit obtained (δ₁₅ = 1.341, p < 0.01), factor productivity and efficiency indices were significant. The study concludes that gender differences exist in both income levels and determinants, necessitating gender-responsive policies to improve access to resources, credit and extension services.
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