ASSESSMENT OF THE PROFITABILITY AND CONSTRAINTS OF RABBIT PRODUCTION IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA

Abstract

Rabbit production is an emerging enterprise in Nigeria with potential to enhance rural livelihoods and food security. This study assessed the profitability and constraints of rabbit farming in Oyo State. A total of 198 respondents were sampled using three-stage sampling method. Data on socioeconomic characteristics, production costs, revenue, and constraints were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and gross margin analysis. Results indicated that the majority of farmers were economically active adults (mean age = 41.73 years), predominantly male (62.12%), and relatively educated, with 58.59% attaining tertiary education. Small to medium flock sizes (mean = 13.45 rabbits) were common, and most respondents had limited experience (≤5 years) in rabbit production. Cooperative societies were the main source of financing, while access to extension services was low (10.6%). Economic analysis revealed that rabbit production was profitable, with a mean gross profit of ₦8,665.80, Net Farm Income of ₦3,750.44, Net Profit Margin of 16.44%, return on investment of 0.20, and a benefit-cost ratio of 1.2. Major constraints faced by the rabbit farmers included high feed cost, lack of training or extension services, fluctuating market prices, poor market access, and high mortality rates. The study concluded that while rabbit farming in Oyo State is economically viable, its sustainability is limited by several constraints. Recommendations include promoting affordable feed alternatives, strengthening extension and training programs, enhancing market access, improving veterinary support, and facilitating access to credit.